Bright and festive Anthurium Andre: description and photo. Plant care at home and outdoors

Anthurium Andre - flower-celebration, flower-celebration, also called anthurium "male happiness" for the unusual shape of the inflorescence. Varieties of this species are specially grown in greenhouses for composing bouquets and unusual flower arrangements.

In this article you can find a description and photo of the plant, which in Latin reads as anthurium adrianum, you can also learn about the species (Red, Mix and others) and the rules for caring for it at home and in the open ground.

Botanical Description and Names

Anthurium Andre (Anthurium andreanum) - an evergreen perennial of the genus Anthurium (Anthurium) belongs to a large family of aroid. The genus Anthurium has more than 800 species. A herbaceous plant grows as a terrestrial and epiphytic flower; it can grow into voluminous branching vines.

Reference! In the literal translation, the name of the plant means "flower" and "tail", which characterizes the structure of the flower itself. The people call this flower "male happiness", "flamingo flower."

History of appearance, description of appearance and geography of habitat

The first classification of the genus Anthurium was made in the 19th century. Austrian botanist Heinrich Schott. Later in the 20th century. German botanist Gustav Engler grouped the famous species into 18 sections. In modern floriculture, Schaeffer's classification is used, which distinguishes 19 main groups of the genus Anthurium. Among them is a large species of Anthurium Andre.

The homeland of the plant is considered to be the tropical regions of South America, southwestern Colombia, Ecuador. The habitat of natural species is rocky mountainsides, tropical rainforest trees, rocky terrain.

Anthurium Andre (Anthurium andrianum in Latin) is a rather large flower. In nature, it can grow up to 1 - 1.5 m. At home, the height of the plant reaches 80 - 90 cm. The stems are knotty, form thin aerial roots. The leaves are large, bright green, glossy. The length of the leaf plate is 20-30 cm, width is 10 - 12 cm. Petioles are long, dense, up to 20 - 30 cm. The inflorescence is an yellow ears, up to 10 cm in length. After fertilization, round fruits, orange in color, are formed on the cob.

Bract - the cover is glossy, can be leathery, heart-shaped. The surface of the bed is streaked with relief veins. The color of the bedspread is bright red. Hybrid sub-varieties can have pink, white, yellow bracts (we described the varieties with white color here, and read about the pink varieties here). Flowering is long, up to 6 - 8 months. The plant blooms at the end of winter, lasts until the fall.

Popular subspecies Anthurium andreanum and their photos

Turenza

Hybrid compact variety, grows up to 50 - 60 cm in height. The leaves are shiny, dense. It features pronounced veins on the dark green surface of the leaf plate. The bedspread is bright red. It grows well at home.

Red

The leaves are large, shiny, bright green. The leaves are heart shaped. The inflorescence is a large spike, located on the very cover of the flower. The cover is large, glossy, saturated red. The height of an adult bush is up to 70 cm.

We talked about red anthuriums in this material.

Champion

The bush is compact, plant height up to 60 cm. The foliage is dark green, large. Glossy sheet plate. Ears are straight, may have a pinkish or yellow tint. Bracts - bedspreads, depending on the andraeanum sub-grade, can be pink (Pink) and white (White).

Mix

To create colorful group mixes in one container (or on one bed), you can plant several varietal varieties of anthurium andre, differing in the shade and size of leaves and bracts. For example, the delicate bedspreads of the anthurium andre Silens will blend perfectly with the pink anthurium andre Favorite. Bright, saturated - red varieties of Otazu and Belize will favorably emphasize the spectacular dark shades of the varieties Fiorino and the Black Queen (for black anthuriums read here, and for the variety Black Prince (Black Queen) is described in this material).

About species and varieties of anthuriums we talked about here.

How to care for a houseplant at home?

Temperature

The optimum air temperature in spring and summer is 22 - 25 ° C. In autumn, the temperature should be reduced to 18 ° C.

Watering

In summer, abundant watering is required in small doses 2 to 3 times a week. The soil should be slightly moist in the spring and summer.

Important! Unacceptable complete drying of the substrate.

In the fall, the watering schedule changes. It is enough to moisten the soil once every 7 to 10 days. Water for irrigation should be warm, up to 30 ° C. It is necessary to add a few drops of lemon juice and vinegar to the water. Immediately after watering, excess water should be drained, wetting the roots provokes the appearance of rot.

In the heat, to increase air humidity, add spraying of leaves. Open pots of water should be placed next to the flowerpots. Also, to increase humidity, the soil in the pot is mulched with moist moss. Optimum humidity is 80 - 90%.

Shine

Lighting should be bright, but somewhat distant, diffuse. Burns appear on large leaves from direct sunlight. - brown spots.

It is advisable to choose the western and eastern parts of the house. From the scorching sun, the windows are shaded with white paper or a light curtain. The northern arrangement of colors requires additional illumination with special lamps.

From a lack of light, the plant does not form flower buds.

Priming

Ordinary garden soil is not suitable for a tropical flower. The mixture should be nutritious, acidified, loose, well permeable. For planting, you can use the ready-made mixture for orchids.

The composition of the soil mixture:

• Humus - 2 hours
• Leafy land (whole) - 1 h.
• Peat - 1 hour
• Sand - 1 hour
• Drainage.

The drainage layer is broken brick, pieces of charcoal, moss - sphagnum.

Important! a little vermiculite and small pieces of pine bark can be added to the soil for breathability.

Pruning

Pruning is necessary for an adult flower to rejuvenate the bush. The procedure is carried out in early spring during a transplant.

Cropping Pattern:

1. Side stems are cut along with the roots for further propagation.
2. The tops of the shoots along with the aerial roots are cut for cuttings.
3. For long flowering, wilted buds are cut.

The central trunk with roots is not cut.

After pruning, watering should be reduced by 2 timesuntil new lateral rosette of leaves is formed.

We offer you to watch a video about rejuvenating the bush Anthurium Andre:

Top dressing

Fertilize in spring and summer the plant should be 1 time in 10-14 days. In early spring, flowers should be fed with urea or ammonium nitrate. Nitrogen fertilizers contribute to the growth of leaves and stems.

During the formation of buds and the entire flowering period, complex mineral fertilizers should be used, which include trace elements of zinc, potassium, magnesium, iron. It is recommended to use ready-made fertilizers for flowering plants and orchids.

Attention! For the formation of inflorescences, it is necessary to fertilize all year round, strictly observing the regimen and dose of fertilizers.

Pot

The transplant capacity is selected in accordance with the size of the root. Anthurium Andre does not bloom in too large containers. The pot should be compact, not too deep.

Surely, drainage holes are made at the bottom of the pot for air access and outflow of water after irrigation.

Transfer

Young flowers require an annual transplant. Adult bushes are planted 1 time in 2 to 3 years for rejuvenation. Transplantation is carried out in the spring.

Transplantation scheme:

1. The upper mulched layer is removed from the pot.
2. The entire bush is carefully removed.
3. Damaged roots and dry stems are trimmed.
4. By transshipment, the bush is placed in a new pot with a drainage layer of up to 2 cm.
5. The root is sprinkled with a new substrate.
6. The earthen lump is slightly compacted.
7. The surface above is mulched with moss and peat.

Wintering

In the winter months, Anthurium Andre enters a state of rest. In winter, the pots are rearranged in a cool place, the air temperature is 15 - 16 ° C.

Important! The plant reacts poorly to sudden daily changes in air, drafts and lowering the temperature to 10 ° C.

The soil is moistened carefully, the main thing is to prevent the drying of an earthen coma. Do not spray the leaves in winter, dust on leaves is cleaned with a damp cloth once a week. During this period, it is necessary to feed the flowers with potassium and sodium humate once every 2 to 3 weeks through watering.

We offer you to watch a video about home care for this plant:

Features of outdoor care

In temperate latitudes, Anthurium Andre does not land in open ground. In summer, pots can be taken out onto open loggias.

Most often, flowers are massively planted in greenhouses and special nurseries, where special conditions are created, close to the tropical climate.

Breeding

Seeds

In home floriculture, this method is practically not used. Seeds can only be obtained by artificial pollination. Additional seed treatment is required with a weak manganese solution for disease prevention.

For growing seedlings, greenhouse conditions are required, a constant air temperature of 25 ° C.

Seedlings bloom only for 4 - 5 years after sowing seeds.

Cuttings

Rooting Procedure:

1. Part of the stem with aerial roots is separated from the mother bush.
2. Separated parts are transplanted into separate small pots for rooting.
3. Top shoots from an adult bush are cut off.
4. The stem is divided into several parts, 5-7 cm each.
5. Spacious containers are used.
6. Cuttings deepen into the soil.
7. The greenhouse is covered with a film.
8. Rooting takes place within 3 to 4 weeks.

Reference! Separation of lateral shoots and rooting of cuttings is carried out in early spring.

Diseases and Pests

• Damage to leaves by anthracnose (dry leaf edges) is treated by spraying with a solution of baseazole.
• The shield is removed manually. Previously, the stems are treated with an alcohol solution.
• Spider mites will be relieved by spraying the bushes with a soap solution. It is required to water the flower with a solution of actellic.
• Putrid infections appear due to stagnation of water and dampness of the soil. Sanitary pruning, transplanting, soil replacement is required.
• Brown leaf spotting is a lack of fertilizer.

Similar flowers

• Spathiphyllum Cupid. The height of the flower is about half a meter. The leaves are large, deep green. The bedspread is broad, spiky, pale white.
• Spathiphyllum Picasso. The height of the bush is up to 40 cm. The leaves are long, shiny, pointed. The bedspread is voluminous, the coloring is variegated.
• Alocasia napellus. The leaves are dense, wide. The bed is fleshy, the ear is of medium length.
• Calla Swamp. The leaves are dark green, heart-shaped, smooth. The ear is oblong. The bedspread is flat, white.
• Calla Elliott. Differs in plentiful blossoming. The bedspread is bright yellow, long. Leaves are green with white spots.

In order to grow a healthy and rich bush of Andre anthurium, to achieve bright flowering, you should strictly adhere to the rules of care, observe the feeding regimen and conduct timely rejuvenation of the plant.

Watch the video: FLOWER ARRANGEMENT DECORATIONS (December 2024).